What Is Dyslexia?
Dyslexia is a specific learning disability that is neurological in origin. It is characterized by difficulties with accurate and/or fluent word recognition and by poor spelling and decoding abilities. These difficulties typically result from a deficit in the phonological component of language that is often unexpected in relation to other cognitive abilities and the provision of effective classroom instruction. Secondary consequences may include problems in reading comprehension and reduced reading experience that can impede growth of vocabulary and background knowledge. This definition has been adopted by the IDA Board of Directors, Nov. 12, 2002. This Definition is also used by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD). Importantly, many people who are dyslexic are of average to above average intelligence.
Evaluation of Dyslexia?
If you suspect that a child has dyslexia, an evaluation can lead to a better understanding of the problem and to recommendations for treatment. Early identification and treatment are critical for optimal results. People may be tested for dyslexia at any age and signs of Dyslexia may be observed as early as 5 or 6 years. The tests and procedures used will vary according to the age of the person and the presenting problems. Areas emphasized in a Dyslexia assessment include, but are not limited to:
- Phonological Processing
- Rapid Naming
- Aspects of Receptive and Expressive Language Abilities
- Appreciation for Sound/Symbol association
- Spelling
- Written Expression
- Visual Processing and Retention
